Athletic Injury Management Summary

Athletic Injury Management Summary

 
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Essentials of Athletic Injury Management 11th Edition Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 1 Fitness Professionals, Coaches, and the Sports Medicine Team: Defining Roles Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Physical Activity: Professional Guidance Is Important, 1 Growing demand for well-educated, professionally trained personnel to supervise and oversee recreational sports and physical activities • Coaches • Fitness professionals • Recreation specialists • Athletic administrators • Others interested in various aspects of exercise and sports science Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Physical Activity: Professional Guidance Is Important, 2 Injury is part of athletics • Athletes have a right to expect that their health and safety will be a high priority for those who supervise or organize the activities • Possessing knowledge on preventing or at least minimizing injuries is important • Well-trained professionals are not always health care professionals and may be in violation if they attempt to provide treatment and care Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Sports Medicine Refers to a broad field of health care related to physical activity and sport • Described by the American College of Sports Medicine (A C S M) as a multidisciplinary approach to health management or achievement of full potential • Clinical application in these areas is aimed at improving and maintaining functional capacities for physical labor, exercise, and sports Focuses on the prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries related to exercise and sports Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Sports Medicine: Areas of Specialization, 1 Performance enhancement • Exercise physiology • Biomechanics • Sport psychology • Sports nutrition • Strength and conditioning • Personal fitness training • Coaching • Physical education Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Sports Medicine: Areas of Specialization, 2 Injury care and management • Practice of medicine • Physicians and physician’s assistants • Athletic training • Sports physical therapy • Massage therapy • Dentistry • Osteopathic medicine • Orthotists or prosthetists • Sports chiropractic • Sports podiatry • Emergency medical specialists Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Sports Medicine Organizations Goals • To upgrade the field by devising and maintaining a set of professional standards, including a code of ethics • To bring together professionals to exchange ideas, stimulate research, and promote critical thinking • To provide opportunities for individuals to work as a group with a singleness of purpose • Enabling them to achieve objectives that would not have been feasible if they attempted to do so individually Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Health Care in Organized versus Recreational Sports Activities Delivery of athletic health care is dependent on whether the activity is organized or recreational Organized activity • Competitive • Involves teams and leagues • Secondary school, collegiate, and professional teams • Primary members of the sports medicine team are employed on a full- or parttime basis • Examples: Coaches, athletic trainers, and physicians • Nutritionists, sports psychologists, strength and conditioning coaches, and massage therapists are included in collegiate and professional sports medicine teams Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Recreational Activity Can be competitive and done more for leisure and free time enjoyment • Structure is less formal compared to organized activity Organizers are volunteers • City- and community-based recreational leagues and teams Often includes fitness-oriented events • Professionals may be hired to improve performance If injury occurs, a family physician, athletic trainer, sports chiropractor, or sports physical therapist is consulted • Athletic care is provided on a fee-for-care basis Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. How Does the Fitness Professional Relate to the Sports Medicine Team? Focus of the team: Improving performance Athletes who achieve a high level of fitness through training and conditioning are: • More likely to perform athletically at a higher level • Less likely to sustain activity-related injury Similarity exists between areas of sports medicine that focus on performance enhancement and health care • Both are concerned with injury prevention Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Strength and Conditioning Coaches, 1 Oversee fitness of an athlete Often employed at the collegiate or university and professional levels to conduct team and individual training sessions Certified by the National Strength and Conditioning Association (N S C A) Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Strength and Conditioning Coaches, 2 Certified in: • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation/automated external defibrillator (C P R/A E D) • American Red Cross, American Heart Association, or National Safety Council • First aid • American Red Cross or National Safety Council Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Strength and Conditioning Coaches, 3 Must work with athletic trainers when modifying conditioning programs relative to injuries • Athletic trainer must respect the role of strength and conditioning coaches • Responsibility for rehabilitating an injured athlete belongs to the athletic trainer Not available in majority of secondary schools • The athletic trainer or team coach typically assumes the role of strength and conditioning coach • Will have to develop programs and oversee the weight room Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Personal Fitness Trainer, 1 Responsible for designing comprehensive exercise programs to meet an individual’s needs and goals • Considers the individual’s health history, capabilities, and objectives for fitness Qualifications available to practice as a fitness trainer • American College of Sports Medicine (A C S M), the National Academy of Sports Medicine (N A S M), the National Strength and Conditioning Association (N S C A), and the American Council on Exercise (A C E) • Contain specific requirements based on tested and practical knowledge, mandatory retesting at renewal periods, and continuing education Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Personal Fitness Trainer, 2 All personal fitness trainers should be certified in: • C P R/A E D • American Red Cross, American Heart Association, or National Safety Council • First aid • American Red Cross or National Safety Council Personal fitness training is the strongest growth segment of the fitness industry Provides services in postrehabilitation training, sports conditioning, special medical needs, and weight management Works with a variety of specific client populations Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Recreational Specialists, 1 Plan, organize, and oversee leisure activities and athletic programs in local recreation, camp, and park areas; playgrounds; health clubs and fitness centers; the workplace; and theme parks and tourist attractions Ensure that the environment for activity is as safe as possible • If participants are injured, recreation specialists should be able to provide immediate first aid and then refer the injured to appropriate medical personnel Certified in: • C P R/A E D • American Red Cross, American Heart Association, or National Safety Council • First aid • American Red Cross or National Safety Council Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Recreational Specialists, 2 Recreation and parks directors • Serve as advisors to local and state recreation and park commissions and manage comprehensive recreation programs in a variety of settings • Develop budgets for recreation programs Recreation supervisors • Serve as liaisons between the directors of parks and recreation leaders • Plan, organize, and manage various activities • May also direct special activities or events Recreation leaders • Responsible for the daily operation of a recreation program Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Recreational Specialists, 3 Activity specialists provide instruction and coach groups in specialties Camp counselors lead and instruct campers in outdoor-oriented forms of recreation Recreational therapists • Work in acute health care settings • Treat and rehabilitate individuals with specific health conditions • Utilize leisure activities to improve and maintain clients’ general health and wellbeing • Recreational specialists also provide interventions that help prevent further medical problems and complications related to disabilities Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Administrators, 1 Significantly impact the sports medicine team Responsible for hiring personnel who comprise the sports medicine team • Examples: Coaches, athletic trainers, sports nutritionists, team physicians, and sport psychologists Must be sure that hired individuals possess the necessary credentials and are willing to work as a team Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Administrators, 2 Oversee and develop policies and procedures, risk management plan, and emergency action plans Responsible for establishing a budget for funding all aspects of an athletic health care program • Salaries, supplies, equipment, and insurance Commitment of the administrator can have a tremendous impact on the success of the athletic program Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Coaches, 1 Be aware of the responsibilities of each individual associated with the sports medicine team • This becomes more critical in the absence of an athletic trainer Should understand the limits of their ability to function as a health care provider in the state in which they are employed Ensure that athletes have undergone a preventive injury conditioning program Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Coaches, 2 Ensure that sports equipment is of the highest quality, is properly fitted, and is properly maintained Certified in: • C P R/A E D • American Red Cross, American Heart Association, or National Safety Council • First aid • American Red Cross or National Safety Council Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Coaches, 3 Possess appropriate coaching licenses and certifications Possess an understanding of skill techniques and environmental factors associated with sports Engage in a continual process of education • American Sport Education Program (A S E P) • National Council of Accreditation of Coaching Education (N C A C E) Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Coaches, 4 Collaborate with athletic trainers so that both function effectively Take over the role of athletic trainers in their absence Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Trainers, 1 Work with athletes from the time of injury to their return to competition Directly responsible for all phases of health care in an athletic environment May be employed in a variety of settings • Schools and school systems • Colleges and universities • Professional athletic teams • Sports medicine clinics and corporations • Less “traditional” organizations Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Trainers, 2 Knowledgeable and competent in a variety of sports medicine specialties • National Board of Certification has established academic coursework and clinical experience requirements • Involves earning the credential A T C Athletic trainers working with athletes should be certified athletic trainers (A T C) Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Trainers, 3 Injury/illness prevention and wellness promotion • Educate athletes, parents, and coaches about the risks inherent to sports participation • Make the competitive environment as safe as possible to reduce the risk of injury • Organize physical examinations and preparticipation screenings Examination, assessment, and diagnosis • Recognize the nature and extent of injuries Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Trainers, 4 Immediate and emergency care • Assume responsibility for administering appropriate first aid to the injured athlete and for making correct decisions in the management of acute injury Certified in C P R/A E D and should be certified in first aid by the American Red Cross or the National Safety Council Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Athletic Trainers, 5 Therapeutic intervention • Proficient in designing and supervising rehabilitation and reconditioning protocols • Recognize abnormal behaviors • Recognize the role of mental health in injury and recovery and use intervention strategies • Refer the patient to the appropriate medical personnel for intervention Health care administration and professional responsibilities • Organization and administration of the athletic training program • Educating the public by holding seminars, publishing research, and doing a good and professional job of providing good health care Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Responsibilities of the Team Physician, 1 Compiling medical histories and conducting physical exams • Preparticipation screening Diagnosing injury Deciding on disqualification • Physician is responsible for determining when the athlete should return to activity Attending practice sessions and games Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Responsibilities of the Team Physician, 2 Working closely with the athletic trainer • Physician and athletic trainer must be able to work together Assuming a number of roles • Responsible for advising and supervising athletic trainers Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Relationship Between the Sports Medicine Team and the Athlete Primary concern should be the athlete • All individuals must work cooperatively in the best interest of the athlete • Coach should defer to the medical staff and support decisions regarding the health care of the athlete Close communication between all parties involved is critical • Must work to develop solid working relationships • Each member will have to gain trust and confidence in the skills and abilities of each other Athlete should be well informed • Coach and athletic trainer must make a point of educating the student-athlete about injury prevention and management Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Family and the Sports Medicine Team Athletes of secondary school age • Parents’ decision regarding health care must be a primary consideration Athletic trainers must be prepared to deal with multiple health care providers at parents’ requests • May be dictated by the parents’ insurance plan Athletes and their families need to be familiar with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (H I P A A) • Responsibility of coaches, athletic trainers, and team physicians Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Other Members of the Sports Medicine Team Nurse or nurse practitioner Podiatrist Physicians Physician’s assistants Orthopedist Strength and conditioning coaches Dermatologist Sport psychologists Gynecologist Sports physical therapists Family medicine physician Sports chiropractors Internist Orthotists or prosthetists Neurologist Exercise physiologists Ophthalmologist Biomechanists Osteopath Nutritionists Pediatrician Sports massage therapists Physiatrist Emergency medical services (E M S) Psychiatrist Emergency personnel Dentist Referees Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Essentials of Athletic Injury th Management 11 Edition Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 2 Organizing and Administering an Athletic Health Care Program Copyright © 2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or dist...
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